Why is sleep important
Why is sleep important
Sleep is essential for our physical, mental, and emotional well-being. There are several reasons why sleep is so important:
Getting a good night’s sleep is incredibly important for your health. In fact, it’s just as important as eating a balanced, nutritious diet and exercising.
Though sleep needs vary from person to person, most adults require between 7 and 9 hours of sleep per night. Yet, up to 35% of adults in the United States don’t get enough sleep .
Sleep deprivation can put your health and safety at risk, which is why it’s essential that you prioritise and protect your sleep on a daily basis.
Restoration: During sleep, the body repairs and regenerates tissues, strengthens the immune system, and consolidates memories.
Energy conservation: Sleep allows the body to conserve energy by slowing down metabolism and reducing body temperature and heart rate.
Cognitive function: Sleep plays a crucial role in cognitive processes such as attention, concentration, and problem-solving. Lack of sleep can impair these processes and lead to poor performance and decreased productivity.
Emotional regulation: Adequate sleep is essential for emotional regulation, including mood, stress management, and interpersonal interactions.
Physical health: Sleep is linked to a lower risk of various health problems, including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and even some types of cancer.
Reasons to Get More Sleep
1. May help you maintain or lose weight
Numerous studies have associated short sleep — defined as sleeping fewer than 7 hours per night — with a greater risk of weight gain and a higher body mass index (BMI).
In fact, a 2020 analysis found that adults who slept fewer than 7 hours per night had a whopping 41% increased risk of developing obesity. Meanwhile, sleeping longer didn’t increase the risk .
The effect of sleep on weight gain is believed to be affected by numerous factors, including hormones and motivation to exercise.
For instance, sleep deprivation increases levels of ghrelin and decreases levels of leptin. Ghrelin is a hormone that makes us feel hungry while leptin makes us feel full. This may cause us to feel hungrier and overeat.
This is supported by various studies that have shown that sleep-deprived individuals have a bigger appetite and tend to eat more calories.
What’s more, to compensate for lack of energy, sleep deprivation may make you crave foods that are higher in sugar and fat, due to their higher calorie content.
To make matters worse, feeling tired after a night of too little sleep may leave you feeling unmotivated to hit the gym, go for a walk, or do whichever other physical activity you enjoy.
2. Can improve concentration and productivity
Sleep is important for various aspects of brain function.
Cognition, concentration, productivity, and performance are all negatively affected by sleep deprivation.
A specific study on overworked physicians provides a good example. It found that doctors with moderate, high, and very high sleep-related impairment were 54%, 96%, and 97% more likely to report clinically significant medical errors.
On a similar note, getting enough sleep can improve academic performance in children, adolescents, and young adults.
Finally, good sleep has been shown to improve problem-solving skills and enhance memory performance in both children and adults.
3. Can maximize athletic performance
Sleep has been shown to enhance athletic performance.
Numerous studies have shown that adequate sleep can enhance fine motor skills, reaction time, muscular power, muscular endurance, and problem-solving skills.
What’s more, lack of sleep may increase your risk of injury and lower your motivation to exercise .
So, getting enough sleep may be just the thing you need to take your performance to the next level.
4. May strengthen your heart
Low sleep quality and duration may increase your risk of developing heart disease .
One analysis of 19 studies found that sleeping fewer than 7 hours per day resulted in a 13% increased risk of death from heart disease.
Another analysis found that compared with 7 hours of sleep, each 1-hour decrease in sleep was associated with a 6% increased risk of all-cause mortality and heart disease.
What’s more, short sleep appears to increase the risk of high blood pressure, especially in those with obstructive sleep apnea — a condition characterized by interrupted breathing during sleep.
In fact, one study found that people who slept fewer than 5 hours per night had a 61% higher risk of developing high blood pressure than those who slept 7 hours .
Interestingly, excessive sleep in adults — more than 9 hours — was also shown to increase the risk of heart disease and high blood pressure
5. Affects sugar metabolism and type 2 diabetes risk.
Short sleep is associated with a greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance — which is when your body cannot use the hormone insulin properly.
In fact, an analysis of 36 studies in over 1 million participants found that very short sleep of fewer than 5 hours and short sleep of fewer than 6 hours increased the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 48% and 18%, respectively.
It’s thought that sleep deprivation can cause physiological changes like decreased insulin sensitivity, increased inflammation, and hunger hormone changes, as well as behavioral changes like poor decision making and greater food intake — all of which increase diabetes risk.
Plus, sleep deprivation is associated with a higher risk of developing obesity, heart disease, and metabolic syndrome. These factors also increase your risk of diabetes
6. Poor sleep is linked to depression.
Mental health concerns, such as depression, are strongly linked to poor sleep quality and sleeping disorders.
One study in 2,672 participants found that those with anxiety and depression were more likely to report poorer sleep scores than those without anxiety and depression.
In other studies, people with sleeping disorders like insomnia or obstructive sleep apnea also report higher rates of depression than those without.
If you have trouble with sleep and notice your mental health has worsened, it’s important to speak with your healthcare professional.
7. Supports a healthy immune system
Lack of sleep has been shown to impair immune function.
In one study, participants who slept fewer than 5 hours per night were 4.5 times more likely to develop a cold compared than who slept more than 7 hours. Those who slept 5–6 hours were 4.24 times more likely.
Some data also suggests that proper sleep may improve your body’s antibody responses to influenza vaccines.
Recently, preliminary data shows that getting enough sleep before and after receiving a COVID-19 vaccination may improve vaccine efficacy. Still, more research is needed to better understand this possible connection.
8. Poor sleep is linked to increased inflammation
Poor sleep can have a major effect on inflammation in the body.
Sleep plays a key role in the regulation of our central nervous system. In particular, it’s involved in the stress-response systems known as the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.
Sleep loss, especially from disturbed sleep, is known to activate inflammatory signaling pathways and lead to higher levels of undesirable markers of inflammation, like interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein.
Over time, chronic inflammation can cause the development of many chronic conditions, including obesity, heart disease, certain types of cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, depression, and type 2 diabetes.
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